| Forms of Examination Malpractice |
Forms of examination malpractice are many and diverse
in Nigeria from 1970s experience, in addition to more crude and sophisticated
methods. There are the illegal possession and leakages of examination papers,
impersonation of examination candidates (Nwafor and Onuoha, 2001), concealing
of paper in private parts of the body, writing of expected answers on laps,
palm and stomach (Benjamin, 1997), seeking for assistance in the hall (Chiere,
1984), growth of professional syndicates who specialize in taking examinations
for others and bribing school authorities, writing on walls and desks and
buying examination questions. In a study by Igbafe (1983) it was shown that the
most frequent method of cheating in examination is for a student to copy what
another student has written down. He also found out that as a result of this
method many inadequately prepared students always want to sit close to those
who have been doing their work conscientiously before the examination. This
view largely agrees with Nwana (1971) when he said that students are encouraged
to cheat in most examination because they are jam-packed into halls and often
have to share examination materials thereby gaining opportunity to work
together.
Having
a fore knowledge of questions set in an examination, some methods students
adopt are possible through a number of sources and in the students of Igbafe
(1983) through:
1. The subject master
2. Other masters in the school
3. The office staff e.g. typist, messengers,
cleaners, clerks etc.
4. The school principal and
5. Other people outside the school
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