Examination malpractice can be defined as any
irregular behaviour exhibited by candidates or anybody charged with the conduct
of examination in or outside the examination hall before, during or after such
examination. Such behaviour must be a sort of contravention of the rules and
regulations governing the conduct of such examination. According to Shenekan
(1996) examination malpractice is any act of omission or commission premeditated
and perpetuated which contravenes the stipulated rules and regulations to the
extent of undermining the validity and reliability of the test and ultimately
the integrity of certificates issued. Daramola (1992) presented it as any
irregular behaviour exhibited by candidates or anybody charged with the conduct
of examination in or outside the examination hall before, during or after an
examination with a view to getting undue advantage over other candidates.
Examination malpractice is seen as a means of facilitating personal gains. It
is any act of wrong doing or neglecting rules that governs an examination
(Ahmed, 2004).
Furthermore,
Kibler (1988) maintained that examination malpractice is a form of cheating and
plagiarism that involve students/pupils giving or receiving unauthorized
assistance in academic exercise or receiving credit for work not their own. In
effect, any act of wrong-doing or neglect that contravenes the rules of
acceptable practice before, during and after an examination by anybody in any
way in tantamount to malpractice.
Examination
malpractice can be viewed as examination misconduct, that is, any action which
prejudices the integrity of the university examination and punishable by
appropriate disciplinary actions. Such acts termed as examination malpractice
ranges from impersonation, collusion and swapping of scripts and so on. In
fact, success in an examination at any level is generally regarding and tends
to immediately elicit such positive emotions as joy, happiness, relief,
contentment and a feeling of fulfillment. Therefore in a bid to achieve this
feeling of contentment and fulfillment, students who work hard engage in act
that contravenes the stipulated rules and regulation that violates the
integrity of, validity and reliability of such examination. This act is considered
examination malpractice. In essence, examination malpractice implies a
non-conformity with the guiding rules and regulations of examination. It can be
seen as a conscious or a deliberate and sometimes unconscious attempt by
examiners and/or examinees to circumvent examination rules and regulations.
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