Friday 21 June 2013

Types of Communication




According to Kolawole and Akinyele (2002) there are majorly two types of communication and they are the oral and written communication. Oral communication otherwise called verbal communication is a type of communication where words are used in facilitating the communication process. It is the commonly used type of communication and its importance cannot be overemphasized. In this regard, Ekpenyong (1998) suggested that some of the advantages of oral communication include:
i.    Provision of quick interchange of ideas with immediate feedback.
ii.  Very cheap; as with short distance telephone calls.
iii.Providing a means of expressing ones feelings and emotions and for asking questions, clarifying issues and emphasizing points.
iv. Fact to face meeting with those involved in the communication process.
v.   It is not as formal as some other media, for both superior and subordinate staff members may be able to meet during unofficial hours to discuss official matters.
Written communication on the other hand is the most effective type of communication is a social system where the need for information is more permanent, the topic requires detailed explanation, the accuracy and precision of working are essential and the audience is large and widespread. According to Ekpenyong (1998) the following are the advantages of written communication:
i.    Provides a more permanent record than most other media.
ii.  Removes the necessity for personal contact, except where it is imperative to do so.
iii.Provides a suitable medium for conveying long message which may need to be studied in some detail.
iv. They are more formal than any other media of communication and carry some symbol of authority because it takes time to prepare.
v.   It makes for uniformity of procedures and also reduces cost as it can reach a wider audience.
Soola (1998) averred that the strength of written communication is amendable in conveying complex messages, information and idea, as well as explaining difficult processes, can be reproduced through various reprographic processes and dispatch to widely dispersed receiver, provides avenue through which oral transaction can be clarified, analyzed and confirmed and reduces the chances of distortion. It therefore goes to show that in structuring effective communication and information channel, management has to take account of what is to be communicated, which is to be responsible for communicating it to whom the information is directed, and the most appropriate form in which to present it.

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