Prevention is generally categorized as primary, secondary, tertiary,
Primary prevention includes the general distribution of information related to child abuse, including how to recognize and report abuse and what resources are available for the prevention, intervention and treatment of child abuse.
Secondary prevention combines information with services and interventions targeted to families identified at high risk for child abuse.
Tertiary prevention is directed to families where abuse has already occurred with the goal of decreasing the possibility of recurrence.
Health care related prevention programs typically focus on encouraging pregnant women to receive prenatal care, teaching child care techniques, providing home health visit for newborns, and assisting parents of children with special needs in obtaining supports and services. Community based organizations such as YMCA’s and YWCA’s, Boys and Girls Clubs,
community centers, food banks, shelter, programs and a wide array of advocacy and faith based organizations target their efforts towards high-risk families ad youth. These programs address the lack of resources such as adequate shelter, child care for working parent’s appropriate nutrition, health and mental care, transportation and education. Organizations providing tertiary prevention includes crisis and emergency services, parent education, domestic violence shelters and health and mental health treatment for victims.
In 1993, public law 103.66, also known as the family preservation and support initiative was passed providing federal funds for family support services and family preservation services with the intention of keeping families intact. This was followed by public law 105-89, also known as the adoption and safe families act of 1997. This second act clarified the congressional intent of public law 103-66, by changing the name of the founding program from family support and family preservation services to promoting safe and stable families.
This was a significant change in focus. Under the 1993 legislation, the goal of the program had been to keep families intact by providing services in the home. But service providers came to the realization. That not every family can, or should be kept together. Sometimes children must be removed for their own key outcomes for children and families safety and stability. The adoption and safe families act recognizes the importance of timely, goal directed, family centered services within the larger context of assuring the safety of children and promoting their stability and performance. Schools play an important role in the identification, reporting and treatment of child abuse. Neglect and abuse perpetrated on school age children frequently first come to the attention of school officials in the form of truancy. Parents who neglect their children often fail to get their children to school, fail to provide the needed health screenings and immunizations necessary for admission to school and fail to provide school supplies. Children who are physically abused often show similar patterns of truancy because parents are reluctant to send children with obvious bruises, or injuries to school. When children are at school, signs of neglect and abuse may include very fatigued and fall asleep during class and children who appear malnourished, depressed and seared is not able to learn as or also withdrawn, aggressive, angry or sad. Obviously, a child who is frequently absent from school, tired, hungry, angry, worried, depressed and scared is not able to learn as effectively as other children. School personnel also need to be trained to look for signs of learning difficulties due to brain damage, hidden wounds or bruises (a child may be reluctant to dress for physical education class for fear of showing hidden injuries) hearing loss, untreated dentals, carries, a wide variety of learning disabilities due to malnutrition, medical neglect and physical abuse.
Primary prevention includes the general distribution of information related to child abuse, including how to recognize and report abuse and what resources are available for the prevention, intervention and treatment of child abuse.
Secondary prevention combines information with services and interventions targeted to families identified at high risk for child abuse.
Tertiary prevention is directed to families where abuse has already occurred with the goal of decreasing the possibility of recurrence.
Health care related prevention programs typically focus on encouraging pregnant women to receive prenatal care, teaching child care techniques, providing home health visit for newborns, and assisting parents of children with special needs in obtaining supports and services. Community based organizations such as YMCA’s and YWCA’s, Boys and Girls Clubs,
community centers, food banks, shelter, programs and a wide array of advocacy and faith based organizations target their efforts towards high-risk families ad youth. These programs address the lack of resources such as adequate shelter, child care for working parent’s appropriate nutrition, health and mental care, transportation and education. Organizations providing tertiary prevention includes crisis and emergency services, parent education, domestic violence shelters and health and mental health treatment for victims.
In 1993, public law 103.66, also known as the family preservation and support initiative was passed providing federal funds for family support services and family preservation services with the intention of keeping families intact. This was followed by public law 105-89, also known as the adoption and safe families act of 1997. This second act clarified the congressional intent of public law 103-66, by changing the name of the founding program from family support and family preservation services to promoting safe and stable families.
This was a significant change in focus. Under the 1993 legislation, the goal of the program had been to keep families intact by providing services in the home. But service providers came to the realization. That not every family can, or should be kept together. Sometimes children must be removed for their own key outcomes for children and families safety and stability. The adoption and safe families act recognizes the importance of timely, goal directed, family centered services within the larger context of assuring the safety of children and promoting their stability and performance. Schools play an important role in the identification, reporting and treatment of child abuse. Neglect and abuse perpetrated on school age children frequently first come to the attention of school officials in the form of truancy. Parents who neglect their children often fail to get their children to school, fail to provide the needed health screenings and immunizations necessary for admission to school and fail to provide school supplies. Children who are physically abused often show similar patterns of truancy because parents are reluctant to send children with obvious bruises, or injuries to school. When children are at school, signs of neglect and abuse may include very fatigued and fall asleep during class and children who appear malnourished, depressed and seared is not able to learn as or also withdrawn, aggressive, angry or sad. Obviously, a child who is frequently absent from school, tired, hungry, angry, worried, depressed and scared is not able to learn as effectively as other children. School personnel also need to be trained to look for signs of learning difficulties due to brain damage, hidden wounds or bruises (a child may be reluctant to dress for physical education class for fear of showing hidden injuries) hearing loss, untreated dentals, carries, a wide variety of learning disabilities due to malnutrition, medical neglect and physical abuse.
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