Adolescence indeed is a time of strong ambivalence attraction towards repulsive from an object person or thing, both for the adolescent and his parents. The adolescent is form between an unwillingness to give up the indulgence of childhood and willingness to accept the privilege and responsibilities of adulthood. The term "adolescence" is gotten from the Latin verb meaning "to grow up" it is a period of life from puberty to maturity. For the biologist, adolescence is the period of rapid growth which begins with an accelerated phase that continues until the attainment of sexual maturity merges unto a decelerating phase and terminates when skeletal growth has ended. While sociologists see it as a social phenomenon because it is a period of positive attainment of growth and of maturation, in other words, it is a period between a stage of transition.
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According to Norman (1973), "the hormones poured out into the wood stream at adolescence radically and profoundly affect the whole person".
Norman went on to say that it is a period marked with high intellectual activity and also the development in abstract thinking and the search for ideals to which give allegiance around which to organize and integrate the self. They therefore see the teaching of adults as in appropriate; there is the demand to explore the explaining, horizons of adolescence and the question privilege accepted rules which they see as being adult heteronomy.
Adolescence are profoundly concerned with the new selves that are beginning to emerge and which they desperately need to understand with the words of Westlake (1969) it is a time when stresses from earlier stage of development are laid bare and it may also bring out latent conflict between parents: Westlake, went on to say that when a youngster becomes overly suspicious of other peoples attitudes and intentions, he becomes unduly guarded or negativistic or excessively violent, there is reason to suspect that his difficulties date back before adolescence and that circumstance may have flowed his basic trust, he may have flowed his basic trust, he may have failed to develop an adequate degree of autonomy, he may have develop excessive guilt about his body and its functions, he may have social rejections, he may have become embroiled in parental discord. However, the experiences that a child had at two or five or ten are a part of him at fourteen, seventeen or twenty. Social scientist argues that by rushing through adolescence, people are missing many of the special features that the period has to offer. For instance the adult – like child is denied the opportunity to experiment new ideals and to try on new rules without being judged by adult standard Thomas (1990).
According to Daniel Elkind, a child psychologist, one of the results of hurrying through childhood is increased stress during adolescence and young adulthood. Thomas pointed out that adolescence is made up of different characteristic and they includes: biological growth and development, undefined status, increased decision making, search for the self and increased pressure. Biological growth and development has to do with the unset of puberty which is found in every society and is universal because it is biological rather than cultural in origin. Biological because it is controlled but the brain and the end urine system which consists of glands that produce various hormones. During this period, there are increase/spurts in height and weight development of primary and secondary sexual characteristics and so on. A survey on adolescence has shown that 50% had experienced pimples, black head and so on and these biological changes sometimes caused anxiety or embarrassment to adolescence, particularly when ahead or behind others of the same age.
Undefined status, our society's expectations for children are quite clear that of the adults are known but that of the adolescence are often argue. Sometimes adults treat adolescence like children while others treat them like adults. It then becomes difficult for adolescents to define their status. Increased decision making. Decisions made for young children by adults but when they reach adolescence, they must make in any of their decision. For example, what course should be taken in school club to join, what career would be test, the decision to be made seems endless. Some of these to decision such is choosing a career, will be far-reaching consequences.
Search for the self-adolescence are make enough to think about themselves and what they want out of life. They can sort thought their values and decide what things are the most important they can establish personality norms that will guild their behaviour and these abilities are important because when people know who they are, what they want out of life and which value and norms will serve them best, they are better position to make the most of adulthood increased pressure, the adolescence are faced with pressure from many sources, fear instances parent make rules stating when they should go out, who they can see, at what time they should be back and yet they want their children to be sociable. Thomas reported that they are under pressure to strike and that there is also pressure from school. They are presumed to attend classes pass test etc.
The greatest pressures comes from peers, by peer group we mean the social relationship between young people that find it difficult or impossible to relate to anybody and therefore become drop out.
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