Well, it seems 'bleaching' creams may cause psychiatric problems, in addition to ruining your skin in the long run, causing skin cancer and giving you kidney problems.
Showing posts with label examination malpractice. Show all posts
Showing posts with label examination malpractice. Show all posts
Tuesday, 20 October 2015
TheNegative Effect of Skin Bleahing.
Well, it seems 'bleaching' creams may cause psychiatric problems, in addition to ruining your skin in the long run, causing skin cancer and giving you kidney problems.
Tuesday, 13 May 2014
THINGS THAT A PROSPECTIVE CORP MEMBER SHOULD HAVE BEFORE LEAVING FOR CAMP
Camp Items
1 Documents and Photocopies
2 Call-up letter
3 Statement of Result/transcript
4 First degree certificates
5 School ID card
6 Passport photographs
Comments
You won't be allowed into camp premises without any of them. Go there with about 10 passports & 5 document photocopies each
Tuesday, 15 April 2014
Use of Theory of Measurement Error to Explain the Menace of Examination Malpractice
The harm perpetuated by examination malpractice can be properly understood by using a popular educational measurement equation, which is:
X = T ± E
Where X = Observed score (one given by examiner to any student in a given examination as representing the student's ability).
T = True score (one representing the actual or the ability of the student devoid of all mistakes/errors).
E = Error Score (one representing the errors/mistakes purposely or inadvertently introduced into the measurement process to either inflate or deplete the student's score in a given examination).
It is to be noted that the undeserved or strange scores brought about by examination malpractice is embedded in error score (E). A cursory look at the equation shows that:
i. The difference between X and T is the error score (E);
ii. It is our noble desire that as much as possible, X is close to, if not equal to T;
iii. The smaller the value of E, the closer is X to T (infact, if E is Zero, X = T). Conversely, the bigger the value of E (courtesy of examination malpractice), the farther is X from T.
X = T ± E
Where X = Observed score (one given by examiner to any student in a given examination as representing the student's ability).
T = True score (one representing the actual or the ability of the student devoid of all mistakes/errors).
E = Error Score (one representing the errors/mistakes purposely or inadvertently introduced into the measurement process to either inflate or deplete the student's score in a given examination).
It is to be noted that the undeserved or strange scores brought about by examination malpractice is embedded in error score (E). A cursory look at the equation shows that:
i. The difference between X and T is the error score (E);
ii. It is our noble desire that as much as possible, X is close to, if not equal to T;
iii. The smaller the value of E, the closer is X to T (infact, if E is Zero, X = T). Conversely, the bigger the value of E (courtesy of examination malpractice), the farther is X from T.
Various Dimensions of Examination Malpractice
Examination malpractice occurs in various dimensions in the school system, and at different stages of the examination namely: pre-examination phase, during examination and post-examination phase. At each phase, the formal dimensions differ, sometimes; the dimensions are peculiar to institutions of learning where examination malpractice is practiced.
A. Pre-Examination Phase: Before the commencement of most public examinations, some misconducts normally occur which include:
i. Registration of non-school candidates for monetary gains by the school administrators.
ii. Migration from towns to interior villages by students/candidates, some of them supported by their parents/guardians.
iii. False continuous assessment scores by teachers.
iv. Registration of more candidates then the available functional sitting capacity in most examination centres.
v. Collection of money from candidates prior to examination dates by invigilators/supervisors to facilitate malpractices at examination halls.
The Way Forward in Examination Malpractice
Examination malpractice, which started in Nigeria as a minor misdemeanor has not only assumed a frightening dimension, it seems to have become a permanent feature of Nigeria education system. Efforts by governments, examining bodies, institutions, individuals and concerned groups towards eradicating it have not yielded meaningful results. Rather, the situation has become worse in recent times. The new trend involves an organized system of the supervisors, invigilators, teachers, and in some cases head of schools. There is therefore the need for a team effort to stem this social malaise that has become inimical to educational development in the country. Since previous approaches aimed at curbing this hydra-headed problem seems to have yield no dividends, the writer advocates the following strategies for curbing the problem:
1. Since Implementation of Legislation by Government and Other Agencies: In the past and even recently, decrees, laws, edicts (Decree No. 27 of 1973, Special Tribunal (Miscellaneous Offences) Act Cap 410, Examination Malpractice Act No. 33 of 1999) have been promulgated and enacted with sanctions and
Friday, 4 April 2014
EXAMINATION MALPRACTICE AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS: CAUSES, EFFECTS AND THE WAY FORWARD
ABSTRACT
This study examined the causes and effect of Examination malpractice among Secondary School Students in Isoko South Local Government Area of Delta State. Five research questions were raised and three hypothesis were formulated to guide the study. The descriptive survey was adopted, the sample was made up of (150) hundred and fifty both students and teachers. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection. The reliability co-efficient of the instrument was 0.83 using Pearson moment correlation
This study examined the causes and effect of Examination malpractice among Secondary School Students in Isoko South Local Government Area of Delta State. Five research questions were raised and three hypothesis were formulated to guide the study. The descriptive survey was adopted, the sample was made up of (150) hundred and fifty both students and teachers. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection. The reliability co-efficient of the instrument was 0.83 using Pearson moment correlation
EXAMINATION MALPRACTICE AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS: CAUSES, EFFECTS AND THE WAY FORWARD
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
The education system is the instrument a society uses to equip all its people to live productive lives and full personal life according to their talent and interest. This system must be such that gifted individuals have full opportunity to develop their skills; it must give scope for the training of a leadership group and at the same time provide for the development of all the vocational abilities needed for the creation of a progressive and democratic society.
Examination is the pivotal around which the whole system of education revolves and the success of failure of the system of examination is indeed an indicator of the success or failure of that particular system of
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
The education system is the instrument a society uses to equip all its people to live productive lives and full personal life according to their talent and interest. This system must be such that gifted individuals have full opportunity to develop their skills; it must give scope for the training of a leadership group and at the same time provide for the development of all the vocational abilities needed for the creation of a progressive and democratic society.
Examination is the pivotal around which the whole system of education revolves and the success of failure of the system of examination is indeed an indicator of the success or failure of that particular system of
Concept of Examination Malpractice
Examination malpractice in Nigeria is not recent. It dates back to the colonial era. The first examination malpractice in Nigeria was reported in 1914, when there was a leakage of question paper in the Senior Cambridge Examination. Examination malpractice has been defined variously by many scholars. Chukwemeka (2000), referred to examination malpractice a violation of examination rules and regulations by candidates.
Oluyeba and Daramola (cited in Alutu and Aluede, 2008) remarked that examination malpractice is any irregular behaviour exhibited by a candidate or anybody charged with the conduct of examination before, during or after the examination that controversies the rules and regulation governing the conduct of such examination.
Forms of Examination Malpractices
Examination malpractice is a deliberate act of wrong doing, contrary tom official examination rules, designed to place a candidates at an unfair advantage or disadvantage over others.
Denga and Denga (2001) gave an outline of examination malpractice ranging from simple grafting when students stretch their neck, (eyes) to see other students answer scripts to a variety of sophisticated through this gracefully inconceivable means. Itemized below are some of the various forms of examination malpractice:
1. Cheating: Cheating occurs in three specific instances, it occurs in examination hall, at the marking stage and at collating stage. In the examination hall, students may introduce parts of the lecture notes and other elicits materials into the examination to use in answering the questions.
Denga and Denga (2001) gave an outline of examination malpractice ranging from simple grafting when students stretch their neck, (eyes) to see other students answer scripts to a variety of sophisticated through this gracefully inconceivable means. Itemized below are some of the various forms of examination malpractice:
1. Cheating: Cheating occurs in three specific instances, it occurs in examination hall, at the marking stage and at collating stage. In the examination hall, students may introduce parts of the lecture notes and other elicits materials into the examination to use in answering the questions.
Causes of Examination Malpractice
Examination malpractice is caused by several factors in Nigeria. Mibibon (2004) and Asagwara (2006) agreed in their submission that, the desire to pass at all cost is responsible for exact for examination malpractice.
Economic Factor: Economic factor has been seen as a factor contributing to malpractice, such as inadequate facilities classroom, teaching aids, and libraries etc. Thus, affecting directing directly or indirectly the quality of teaching in our institution. This situation is further compounded by the prevailing economic leadership manifesting in the lack of basic needs of students (e.g food, books etc).
Economic Factor: Economic factor has been seen as a factor contributing to malpractice, such as inadequate facilities classroom, teaching aids, and libraries etc. Thus, affecting directing directly or indirectly the quality of teaching in our institution. This situation is further compounded by the prevailing economic leadership manifesting in the lack of basic needs of students (e.g food, books etc).
Effects of Examination Malpractice
Examination malpractice has various effects on academic performance, where are:
1. Discourage Good Candidates from Studying Hard: Good candidates are tempted to believe “if you cannot beat them you join them. Especially as they see other candidates get away with corrupt behaviours may be contagious as more and more candidate tend to join in examination malpractice. They believe that if they are caught, they will get away with and the end will justify the means.
2. Derives Innocent Students Opportunity for Admission: Many good students have been denied admission by the corrupt ones who through examination malpractice have better scores and grades. The best brains that could help in research and development are likely to be thrown out or frustration while seeking
1. Discourage Good Candidates from Studying Hard: Good candidates are tempted to believe “if you cannot beat them you join them. Especially as they see other candidates get away with corrupt behaviours may be contagious as more and more candidate tend to join in examination malpractice. They believe that if they are caught, they will get away with and the end will justify the means.
2. Derives Innocent Students Opportunity for Admission: Many good students have been denied admission by the corrupt ones who through examination malpractice have better scores and grades. The best brains that could help in research and development are likely to be thrown out or frustration while seeking
Summary of Literature Review on examination malpractice
The reviewed literature looked at the causes of examination malpractice in Nigeria specifically in Isoko South Local Government Area in which there was generated consequences that examination malpractice has affected academic performance, and such factors, students factors, parental factors etc. also the causes, effects remedies were also discussed. Therefore measure must be taking to curb this menace facing the society at large, all the agents of civilization and socialization must pay and cheating rains.
If measures are not taking, this ugly friend would continue with greater proportion, and in no time, our education sector will college totally, thereby rendering the workforce incompetent and unproductive, and our result will because useless.
If measures are not taking, this ugly friend would continue with greater proportion, and in no time, our education sector will college totally, thereby rendering the workforce incompetent and unproductive, and our result will because useless.
EXAMINATION MALPRACTICE AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS: CAUSES, EFFECTS AND THE WAY FORWARD
ABSTRACT
This study examined the causes and effect of Examination malpractice among Secondary School Students in Isoko South Local Government Area of Delta State. Five research questions were raised and three hypothesis were formulated to guide the study. The descriptive survey was adopted, the sample was made up of (150) hundred and fifty both students and teachers. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection. The reliability co-efficient of the instrument was 0.83 using Pearson moment correlation coefficient, while three experts carried out the face and content validation. The three hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. Sample percentages were employed and the t-test was used to test the hypothesis. The study revealed that deviant behaviours like cultism, riot, and truancy e.t.c. causes examination malpractice that affect the general quality and standard of our educational system. Based on the findings, conclusions were made and the researcher recommended that school should be established strict rules regulation to guide against students acts of deviance.
This study examined the causes and effect of Examination malpractice among Secondary School Students in Isoko South Local Government Area of Delta State. Five research questions were raised and three hypothesis were formulated to guide the study. The descriptive survey was adopted, the sample was made up of (150) hundred and fifty both students and teachers. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection. The reliability co-efficient of the instrument was 0.83 using Pearson moment correlation coefficient, while three experts carried out the face and content validation. The three hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. Sample percentages were employed and the t-test was used to test the hypothesis. The study revealed that deviant behaviours like cultism, riot, and truancy e.t.c. causes examination malpractice that affect the general quality and standard of our educational system. Based on the findings, conclusions were made and the researcher recommended that school should be established strict rules regulation to guide against students acts of deviance.
Present State of Geography
Geography as a school subject has for some decades now been facing serious challenges in virtually all countries of the world. All effort to win back the honoured position of the “mother of today’s disciplines” still continues unabated in virtually all countries of the world, Nigeria inclusive.
Bola (1988) stated that the problem with geography is the way the subject has been taught over the years. The challenges and problems faced by geography in Nigeria and other developing countries are even more serious. The situation is worsened by the peculiar problems of lack of adequate staff, either in terms of quality and quantity, lack of incentives and conviction on the part of the available staff, the undue emphasis on the acquisition of certificates rather than on the quality of education.
Monday, 17 March 2014
Performance of JSS and SSS students in WAEC examinations from 1998 to 2002
Table 1: Performance of JSS and SSS students in WAEC examinations
1Passing BECE represents grades 1-5; 2Passing SSSCE represents grades A-E
*Source: MOE (2002). Education Indicators at a Glance: National, regional and District Profiles
+Core subjects
1Passing BECE represents grades 1-5; 2Passing SSSCE represents grades A-E
*Source: MOE (2002). Education Indicators at a Glance: National, regional and District Profiles
+Core subjects
Saturday, 19 October 2013
Concept of Examination and Examination Misconduct
The concept of examination is as old as man dating back to the time of Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden. However, Okoye (1986) traced its origin to the Chinese in the second century BC. And more recently into our schools by the Catholic Monastic Order in about 1599 since then there has been wide spread influence of examination in schools. Okoye (1986) defined examination as an organized assessment technique which presents the individual with series of questions, tasks geared towards ascertaining the individual acquired skill effectively. Akpotu (2004) was of the opinion that every examination has rules and regulations guiding the examinees and examiners which must be adhered to religiously.
RESERACH QUESTIONS & SIGNIFICANCE ON THE CAUSE OF EXAMINATION MISCONDUCT
1.3 Research Questions
The following questions are raised to guide the study:
1. What are students’ perceptions of the causes of examination misconduct in secondary schools?
2. What are the perceptions of male and female students on the causes of examination misconduct in secondary schools?
3. What are the perceptions of urban and rural students on the causes of examination misconduct in secondary schools?
1. Find out students’ perception of the causes of examination misconduct in secondary schools.
2. Find out the perception of male and female students on the causes of examination misconduct.
3. Find out the perception of urban and rural students on the causes of examination misconduct.
The following questions are raised to guide the study:
1. What are students’ perceptions of the causes of examination misconduct in secondary schools?
2. What are the perceptions of male and female students on the causes of examination misconduct in secondary schools?
3. What are the perceptions of urban and rural students on the causes of examination misconduct in secondary schools?
1.4 Purpose of the Study
The purpose of this study is to investigate students’ perception of causes of examination misconduct in secondary schools in Uvwie Local Government Area of Delta State. Specifically the study intends to:1. Find out students’ perception of the causes of examination misconduct in secondary schools.
2. Find out the perception of male and female students on the causes of examination misconduct.
3. Find out the perception of urban and rural students on the causes of examination misconduct.
THE CAUSES OF EXAMINATION MISCONDUCT
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
A major and terrifying educational crisis that is persistently and steadily threatening the Nigerian educational system is examination misconduct. The situation in institutions of learning at all levels has been deteriorating at such an alarming rate that many crises attribute it to the falling standard of education (Ibanga, 1982, Abdulahi 1982 & Olorundare, 1993), that teachers in institutions of learning have expressed dismay over the rate of poor academic performance of students in schools (Akpan, 1992, Ekwo, 1996 & Neuty, 2001). The concept of examination misconduct has gradually become a household phenomenon at all levels of our educational institutions. The concept of examination is as old as man, dating back to the time of Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden. However (Okoye, 1986) traced its origin to the Chinese in the second century BC, and more recently in our schools by the Catholic Monastic Order in about 1599.
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
A major and terrifying educational crisis that is persistently and steadily threatening the Nigerian educational system is examination misconduct. The situation in institutions of learning at all levels has been deteriorating at such an alarming rate that many crises attribute it to the falling standard of education (Ibanga, 1982, Abdulahi 1982 & Olorundare, 1993), that teachers in institutions of learning have expressed dismay over the rate of poor academic performance of students in schools (Akpan, 1992, Ekwo, 1996 & Neuty, 2001). The concept of examination misconduct has gradually become a household phenomenon at all levels of our educational institutions. The concept of examination is as old as man, dating back to the time of Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden. However (Okoye, 1986) traced its origin to the Chinese in the second century BC, and more recently in our schools by the Catholic Monastic Order in about 1599.
STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION OF THE CAUSES OF EXAMINATION MISCONDUCT
ABSTRACT
The study was designed to determine students’ perception of the causes of examination misconduct in Uvwie Local Government Area of Delta State. To direct the study, three research questions were stated. The study adopted the survey research design and the population of the study comprised all public and private secondary school students in Uvwie Local Government Area of Delta State.
The study was designed to determine students’ perception of the causes of examination misconduct in Uvwie Local Government Area of Delta State. To direct the study, three research questions were stated. The study adopted the survey research design and the population of the study comprised all public and private secondary school students in Uvwie Local Government Area of Delta State.
Tuesday, 1 October 2013
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS ON THE FINDINGS FROM THE CAUSE OF EXAMINATION MALPRACTICE
Summary of the Study
The research was designed to analyze examination malpractice in secondary schools in Delta State. In the introductory chapter, a brief background of examination malpractice was discussed and three research questions were raised.
A comprehensive literature review was done to cover the concept of examination malpractice as a subset of examination malpractice, and its causes, the forms of examination malpractice and its effects and finally possible solutions to examination malpractice was reviewed.
The research was designed to analyze examination malpractice in secondary schools in Delta State. In the introductory chapter, a brief background of examination malpractice was discussed and three research questions were raised.
A comprehensive literature review was done to cover the concept of examination malpractice as a subset of examination malpractice, and its causes, the forms of examination malpractice and its effects and finally possible solutions to examination malpractice was reviewed.
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