The home of a child lays the desired, social, moral, emotional, spiritual and intellectual foundations for the child. The family does a lot of things to influence the life of a child among which includes:
a) Socialization of a child
b) Child care and protection
c) Emotional and social support and lots more
Socialization of a Child
According to Wikipedia, socialization is a term used by sociologists, social psychologists, anthropologists, political scientists and educationalists to refer to the lifelong process of inheriting and disseminating norms, customs and ideologies, providing an
individual with the skills and habits necessary for participating within his or her own society. Socialization is thus “the means by which social and cultural continuity are attained”. Scientific research provides some evidence that people might be shaped by both social influences and genes. Genetic studies have shown also that a person’s environment interacts with his or her genotype to influence behavioral outcomes.
Hurrelmann Klaus (2010) ascertained that the core idea is tblohat socialization refers to an individual’s personality development. Lawrence Kohlberg (2010) defines socialization as a moral development within three stages of young childhood. The first is pre-conventional stage, where children experience the world in terms of pain and pleasure. Second, the conventional stage appears in the ten years of maturation. Teenagers learn to define right and wrong according to the desired of their parents and begin to conform to cultural norms resulting in decrease of selfishness. The last stage of moral development is the post conventional level where people move beyond society’s norms and consider abstract ethical principles.
The family is the most important agent of socialization because it is the center of the child’s life, as infants are totally dependent on others. Not all socialization is intentional, it depends on the surrounding. The most profound affected is gender socialization however, the family also shoulders the task of teaching children cultural values and attitudes about themselves and others. Children learn continuously from the environment that adults create. Children also become aware of class at a very early age and assign different values to each class accordingly. Harris, J.R (2013).
Child’s Care and Protection
The family is the most effective in providing day to day care for its dependent members, children and the likes. Caring for children outside family is much more expensive and often less effective as the child will never feel safe and secured the way he will feel in his home.
Emotional and Social Support
Families perform a very important role; they give a baby a nomenclature and initial position in the society. When one heard of an abandoned child, the question we ask ourselves is “whose child is this and where did he come from”. The family gives the child an identity and a cause of belonging and a feeling of being valued.
A child’s family is able to provide a positive feeling of worth that is fundamental to healthy emotional development that meets the basic needs for love and affection, company and security.
Needs of Secondary Students as Children
Children are born with physiological, emotional and intellectual need such as needs for love and security, the need for new experiences, the need for praise and recognition, the need for responsibility. Sian et–al (2009) presented four basic needs of the child based on the model of Pringle (2010) as follows:
The Need for Love and Security
From the very time a child is born, the need for care and attention from parents or their substitute become manifest. The child who grows up with the feeling of being loved by everyone in the family, develop a healthy and secure personality. Abdulganiyu (2007) presented a report which observes that the loving relationship which children encounters in the formative years give them confidence and some sense of security that could be used to them in their future social encounters. Therefore, a secondary student who happens to come from such a home would feel secure in any environment he/she finds him/herself anytime he thinks of his home.
The Need for Praise and Recognition
In order to have confidence to go in life, every child wants assistance of others in his/her life such as parents, grandparents, brothers, sisters, uncles, aunts and other members of their family to praise and recognize, the effort he/she is making in a bid to cope with demands of day to day existence. The way children perceive their parent’s attitude towards them may to some extent determine the way they see themselves and their concept.
The Need for Protection
Children, as they grow need increasing degree of protection if they are to grow into independent adults. They ought to be protected from danger, hunger illness and bad experiences. It is this protection that students will have confidence in their parents and they can easily obey and trust them.
Broken Homes
The US English dictionary defines broken home as a family in which the parents are divorced or separated. Also Hurlock (2007) defines broken homes as the integral part of the setting that is father and mother whereby if any of the integral part is not available, the home is said to be broken which in one way or the other affect members of the home negatively. Marriage unionism is not always a stable one, couples usually find themselves quarrelling, fighting etc. which sometimes consequently result into separation or termination of the marriage union.
It is in view of this that Hauwa et-al (2005) observed that homes are usually broken up by death and increasingly by divorce, abandonment or involuntary separation as a result of job demands or other obligations. Hauwa however, outlined factors that cause divorce among couples or vary depending on the locality, culture and nature of the home. In most localities for example Sokoto as a case study, the major causes of divorce among couples include forced marriages, child marriage (early marriage), ignorance of the right of spouses under Shariah, instigation from parents and friends, failure to uphold marital obligations, lack of proper upbringing from childhood, difficulty of earning a living (economic hardship) and many more to mention but few.
Order for the complete project, Call +2347034538881
No comments:
Post a Comment