CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1. Background of the Study
Physical education is a vital part of education that contributes to the general programme of the development of health, physical, welfare, and recreation. Although not a new field, physical education continues to receive several definitions. Adisa (2010) posits that physical education is that process of education that concerns physical activities with development and maintain human body. The attainment of its objective depends to a great extent on the leadership responsible for its direction. This definition asserted that the programme of physical and health education consist of specialized learning environment characterized by many planned condition and stimuli specifically intended to induce
or provide opportunities for physical, social, emotional, intellectual, and other beneficial responses through which students may become changed, modified, or educated in desirable ways as approved by the society. Physical and health education has been accepted as an essential educational experience in which all pupils/students engage regularly throughout primary, secondary, and tertiary education programme.
The acceptance of this definition in Nigeria imply two things; firstly, since its experience is limited to the school setting, many Nigeria children will be denied of it and consequently be denied of the virtues accruing from the experiences, it means too that many people in the country may lack those things that physical gives since the society has entrusted that role to that aspect of education. Onyeka (20101) secondly, Nigeria will have reappraise her educational philosophy, administration, and provision of instructional materials/facilities in an attempt to provide physical and health education its own place (A core subject and co-curricular activity) in the total education of the child.
It is clearly stated in the NPE (Rensed Educatio, 2004) the need to promote the emotional, physical, and psychological health of all children through physical and health education. The problem is the same government that includes it, has not seen to its wide spread. In other words, the government has accepted it in principle but not in practice. However, it has not received the required attention from the government partly because of the economic situation in the country and this has greatly affected its teaching and learning. It is believed in some quarters that despite government negative attitude that teaching and learning physical and health education, one can still survive and attain its goals in the school system with sufficient and effective organization structure.
1.2. Statement of Problem
In Nigeria educational system, there seems to be total negligence on the authorities as regards the provision of physical and health education specialist who periodically advised the teachers on the new curriculum innovation. This is because physical and health education is not enforced in all primary and secondary schools in Nigeria where it is enforced, it is not formally organized thereby affecting the teaching and learning of physical and health education in schools. Also, the absence of qualified trained teachers and provision of instructional facilities are worrisome as physical and health education is a course of more practical than theory that can be taught in abstract. Hence, the problem of the study is to investigate/ analyze the factors that affect the teaching and learning of physical and health education for national development in Warri North Local Government Area of Delta State.
1.3. Purpose of the Study
The main purpose of this study is to examine the factors affecting the teaching and learning of physical and health education in regard to national development in Warri North Local Government Area.
1. It looks to study how the physical curriculum affects teaching and learning.
2. To identify how students attitude/engagements influencing the teaching and learning of physical and health education.
3. To investigate the sustainability and qualification of teachers and its influence on teaching and learning of physical and health education.
4. To identify how teachers teaching method affect the teaching and learning of physical and health education.
5. To assess the quantity and quality of instructional facilities available in the secondary schools in Warri North Local Government Area of Delta State
6. To assess the extent to which the administrative authorities affects the teaching and learning of physical and health education for national development
1.4. Research Question
1. Does the curriculum affect the teaching and learning of physical and health education?
2. Does students attitude affects the teaching and learning of physical and health education?
3. Does teacher’s qualification affect the teaching and learning of physical and health education?
4. Does teacher’s teaching method has effect on teaching and learning of physical and health education?
5. Does the availability of facilities/equipments affect the teaching and learning of physical and health education?
6. To what extent does the factors affecting the learning of physical and health education affect the its contribution to national development?
1.5. Hypothesis
H01: There is no significant relationship between student’s attitude and the teaching and learning of physical and health education
H02: There is no significant relationship between teacher’s qualification and the teaching and learning of physical and health education
H03: There is no significant relationship between teacher’s teaching method and the teaching and learning of physical and education
H04: There is no significant relationship between availability of instructional facilities and the teaching and learning of physical and health education
H05: There is no significant relationship between administrative related issues and the teaching and learning of physical and health education
H06: There is no significant relationship between the factors affecting the teaching of physical and health education and national development
1.6. Significance of the Study
The research will be of great value to teachers, students, and school administrators. It will help the teachers to know the needs of employing practical teaching strategies and sharing of learning intentions that engage students in the teaching – learning process and also encourage student’s pro-activeness.
It will help schools and management of education at all level to work in partnership with parents so that as to encourage their children/students to have positive attitude towards physical and health education.
It will help physical and health education specialists to understand and actually reflect the challenges that may be encountered in schools and develop strategies to overcome them.
It will help school and government to provide necessary physical and health education facilities and allocate more time to teaching physical and health education in schools.
It will help school administrators in sensitizing them to the importance of physical and health education bearing in mind that there is no approved physical and health education curriculum on ground.
1.7. Definition of Operational terms
Factors – a circumstance or influence that contributes to resources
Physical Education – is an educational course related to the physique of the human body taken during primary and secondary education that encourages psychomotor learning in a play setting to promote health.
National Development – ability of a nation to improve to live of its citizens
1.8. Scope of the Study
The study was limited to the secondary schools in Warri North Local Government Area of Delta State.
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